Modeling Analysis and Simulation of Wheel Suspension System’s Response for Quarter Car Model by using 20-sim Software for Honda Civic Lx 2019 Sedan

This paper exhibits a study of car passive and activesuspension system to improving drive exhilarate to passengers while also enhancing vehicle stability by decreasing the effect of oscillation on the suspension. Modeling and simulation by using the bond diagram. They much concede a prime arrangement of the machine to the exterior surrounding: street quality, atmospherically circumstances, while guarantying driver as well as passengers, major safeness and more potentially exhilarate. Automotive aid it course manners. The result cleared this action plan at different set during the vehicle mean, but particularly in evolution level. It is also clear the proportion of suspension system's mass to the vehicle's mass. Also graphical representation of suspension system' parameters like vertical passenger displacement, potential energy of mass of suspension system and acceleration. To foretell the comportment of a car, it is necessary to make design, modeling, and simulation. Honda Civic Lx 2019 sedan car has used for modeling, and simulation.


Introduction
Since the dawn of the automobile era, one of the most important priorities of researchers has been the suspension system. To this point, people demands have risen with time, and several studies have been conducted to boost the effectiveness of vehicle suspensions in order to increase vehicle convenience while driving, to reach this target.
The quarter version of modeling the automobile with two degrees of freedom presented in the first half of this study. Section 2 discusses a touch simulation consequence from the 20-sim software. The targets of the present paintings are to have a look at the Bond graph used to model the dynamic behavior of automobile vehicles: technique, modeling, and analysis of suspension for a quarter version of the automobile.

Related work
Many studies had been causing to signify difference road profiles borrowed with the aid of automobiles [1,2].
In various research studies of varying complexity of models based on the intended application, quarter automobile models with two degrees of freedom that manage transverse movements of the vehicle have been used to manage perpendicular movements of the machine. Defined the velocity of vibration converted to passengers and limits of comfort [3][4][5][6]. Semi model automobile with four degrees of freedom [7][8][9] also a seven-degree-of-freedom complete orthogonal simulation of the automobile [10][11][12][13].
The technique Bond diagram will be deployed in this paper [14][15][16]. For modeling suspension quarter, it has formerly worked on this approach [17,18].

Mathematical modeling and analysis
The elements that have an effect on the state with vibration of the car suspension gadget in particular positioned internal the spring in suspending, damping, and elastic damping properties of tires. The automobile suspension model can simplify by way of the use of the different vibration of the body and the wheel, as well as the rotational of roll motion underneath consideration. Those elements employed the suspension model on a regular bases to make determining its kinematic characteristics easier. The damper is put in accordance with the elastic issue inside the suspension device in the suspension gadget to improve the car's balance and lessen trembling.
The system version simplified to a single-DOF model with a 1⁄4 suspension base a spring and damper as verified (Figs. 1, 2). The gadget of motion differential equations established in preserving with the D'alembert principle. The nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the suspension system analyzed.
Damping constant related to damping ratio. The model represented with the aid of using a second-order massspring-damper system. The spring and the damping coefficients had selected to regulate the response of suspension. Spring constant associated with a natural frequency. The balance between usual overall performance and rider comfort y as shown in Fig. 3.
State-Space (SS) model the suspension-system. The simplified transfer function produced by: In upper companion, control canonical is from . .
Roots of Eq. (9) give poles of the open-loop system: . .
The system = controllable because determinant ≠ to zero Rank of controllability matrix = 2 ⇒ All states are controllable.
To check observability: Observability matrix (OB_MAT) produced by solving Eqs. (15) and (16): The system = observable since determinant ≠ zero. The rank of Observability matrix = 2 then all states are observable.

Simulation procedure and result
The strategy changed the input and output variables, ensuring the system's stable operation in sliding mode. The study's suspension is a quarter car sequential suspension with two degrees of freedom. The study's findings suggest that using the control strategy enhanced both the control objectives, as well as driver comfort and car ability to handle performance.
Figs. 4 to 6 reveal the first steps to applying the Bond graph for the quarter vehicle vertical for passive suspension system by using 20-SIM program.
The road profile has assumed a sine wave and input parameters had taken from Technical specifications of Honda Civic Lx Sedan 2019 [19] as the following: mass of The relationship between the potential energy of mass of suspension system, effort and spring deflection with time in x-axis has exhibited in Fig. 6.
The Bond graph for the quarter vehicle vertical for a passive-suspension system with a step input as shown in Fig. 7. Whereas Fig. 8 reveals that the relationship between the mass of the car, effort of road and mass of wheel with time in x-axis. Note that the vehicle vibrates with a higher road value less indicating a suspension.
The relationship between the potential energy for mass to the car has shown in Fig. 9, effort of road and the potential energy of wheel's mass of the unsprung-mass with time in x-axis. The road profile assumed a step wave input.
When on the other hand Fig. 10 reveals the Bond graph for the quarter vehicle vertical for an active suspension system with constant input road displacement and Fig. 11 shows the Bond graph for the quarter vehicle vertical for an active suspension system with step input road displacement.
Figs. 12 and 13 show the relationship between the mass of the car, effort of road and spring deflection with time in x-axis of the active suspension. The road displacement assumed a step wave simulated using step input of 0.1 m with manipulated parameters to find out better performance.

Comparison the system output with standard requirements
As every manufacturing vehicle's company has own standard requirements then the comparison between them has   issues but some of researching papers introduced a study of the suspension system that can make a comparison with it.
The model modified in this case study is simulated using step input. The results of simulation are compared with the suspension displacement for various control algorithms introduced in the [20] as an example presented in Fig. 14.

Conclusion
It proposed an approach based definitely at the modeling approach recognized as a bond graph. Contemporary auto suspension constructions the usage of passive components simplest with the useful resource of the use of spring and damping coefficient with steady mode. Further, the results indicated that a stability machine is also required for the higher regular overall performance of the automobile.    Lively suspension introduce an ability to utilize the conventional diagram to compromise amongst dealing with and luxurious via extend controlling the suspensions stress actuators. Gain a bond diagram illustration of the version studied to find out the fundamental dynamic's equations. Vehicle suspensions structures in many instances rated by its capability to provide appropriate street dealing with and decorate passenger consolation. Greater emphasis made on growing a cheap energetic suspension machine.
Control machine needs to consist of the use of the delta delay function. Assessment between passive and vigorous suspensions machine executed by way of the use of high-quality types of street profiles. This technique has adequate flexibility that would possibly introduce different components in the vertical dynamic automobile model.
Similarly, concerns ought to give the stableness effect of the suspension machine on the automobile. The road excitation function