Saccharification and Fermentation of Cellulolytic Agricultural Biomass to Bioethanol using Locally Isolated Aspergillus niger S48 and Kluyveromyces sp. Y2, respectively

Authors

  • Olumuyiwa Adeyemo
    Affiliation
    Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, 64001 Yola, P.O.B. 2076, Nigeria
  • Mohammed Ja'afaru
    Affiliation
    Department of Microbiology, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, 64001 Yola , P.O.B. 2076, Nigeria
  • Sani Abdulkadir
    Affiliation
    Department of Microbiology, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, 64001 Yola , P.O.B. 2076, Nigeria
  • Aishatu Salihu
    Affiliation
    Department of Microbiology, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, 64001 Yola , P.O.B. 2076, Nigeria
https://doi.org/10.3311/PPch.17900

Abstract

Due to increase in demand for energy as a result of human population explosion, industrialization and environmental hazards posed by fossil fuels, there is a need to source for alternative energy sources that are cheaper and environmental friendly. Three different lignocellulosic biomasses were studied for their suitability for bioethanol production. Fungi and yeasts were isolated using serial dilution and spread plate methods. Identification of both fungi and yeasts was done using their cultural and microscopy characteristics. Saccharification of the pre-treated biomass was done with both crude cellulase and mycelia inoculant. Bioethanol was produced using batch culture fermentation. Ethanol produced was detected using spectrometric method and quantified using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The effects of substrate concentration, pH and temperature on ethanol yield were optimized. Fifty fungal isolates were obtained from soil collected. Six yeasts, all Kluyveromyces species fermented three sugars to ethanol with isolate Kluyveromyces sp.Y2 having the shortest time. It was selected for fermentation. Aspergillus niger S48 had highest cellulase activity measured in a zone of hydrolysis of 26.0 mm. It had the highest glucanase activity, endoglucanase (0.462 U/mL) and exoglucanase (0.431 U/mL). The outcome of this study indicated that crude cellulase produced by Aspergillus niger S48 hydrolyzed the pre-treated rice chaff with 1.07 mg/mL of fermentable sugars higher than 0.87 mg/mL when the mycelia of the fungus was inoculated to pretreated rice chaff for hydrolysis. Ethanol was optimally produced at 12 % substrate concentration using rice chaff, at a temperature of 35 °C and pH 5.0.

Keywords:

lignocellulolytic biomass, bioethanol, environmental friendly, alternative energy sources, endoglucanase, exoglucanase

Citation data from Crossref and Scopus

Published Online

2021-08-26

How to Cite

Adeyemo, O., Ja’afaru, M., Abdulkadir, S., Salihu, A. “Saccharification and Fermentation of Cellulolytic Agricultural Biomass to Bioethanol using Locally Isolated Aspergillus niger S48 and Kluyveromyces sp. Y2, respectively”, Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering, 65(4), pp. 505–516, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3311/PPch.17900

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