HALL-TYPE BUILDINGS

Abstract

The first part of the article defines some fundamental concepts, and it is a brief historical survey of some significant, existing hall-type buildings and of the development trends of external wall and roof structures. It outlines the relevant domestic conditions and construction tasks. The second part provides detailed information on the space demand of halls with swimming pools and sports halls of different size, and on the expected span of the main structure in case of halls with grandstands. The third part discusses the selection of large-span structures, considering functional and architectural aspects, and the relation of internal space and the volume of the building. The following types of structure are covered: steel structures, timber structures, combined steel and timber structures, reinforced concrete structures, pneumatic, suspended and prestressed tents. In the fourth part, various sets of roofing layers, in relation to materials and the shape of the large-span structure, are illustrated with examples. Systems of wall structure, selected for the main structure, are covered in the fifth section. The demand for natural lighting and the means of providing natural lighting in halls, assuming walls and roofs of various construction materials and structural systems, are introduced in the sixth section. Opening roofs above large-span structures of multi-purpose halls are illustrated with examples. The seventh part discusses problems of rainwater drainage in halls, while the eighth part analyses aspects of building physics, acoustics and fire protection. The ninth part is a comprehensive summary.