The Effect of Velocity Ratio Study on Microchannel Hydrodynamics Focused of Mixing Glycerol Nitration Reaction

Abstract

The paper describes the effect of velocity ratio for mixing glycerol nitration in microchannel hydrodynamic that focused on the stream width. The method used are experimental and theory modeling of hydrodynamic fluid flow focused on predicting behavior stream width glycerol nitration.
The research uses microchannel hydrodynamics focused on consisting of three channels inlet (one core and two sheaths). The core glycerol the beginning of the sheath distributed nitric acid with sulphuric acid as a catalyst. The length channel dimension of inlet and outlet of L1, L2, L3 = 1000 μm, L4 = 4000 μm with the width of D1, D2, D3, D4= 300 μm, and the depth of  w =200 μm. using transparent material that is acrylic with thickness (T1 and T2 ) as 5 mm arranged accumulated. Fluid volume glycerol of the core of 2 ml, and volume nitric acid of 1.05 ml (+ aquades 0.75 ml) and sulphuric acid 0.1 ml
(+ aquades 0.1 ml). The independent variable namely variation the velocity ratio (v2 / v1 ) 0.5,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, and 11. It is Added a slight coloring yellow to fluid glycerol and red to a fluid mixture of nitric acid and sulphuric acid, to understand the mixing process of fluid at the reaction of glycerol nitration. The  mixing of the measurement of stream width performed on the ratio of the length (α = L4 / L1 ) of 1 , 2 and 3.
The result shows that diffusion of regional differences takes place in the velocity ratio shown by color changing of data on the picture. The width of focus stream is smaller as increasing the velocity ratio. This is caused by the pressure of a fluid channel sheath against core channel fluid is greater than diffusion reaction, as well as the energy required that is used to form a molecular bond.