Qualitative Analysis of Carbon Emissions and Offsetting Opportunities of Zalaegerszeg Automotive Proving Ground

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview about the efforts of the management board of the Automotive Proving Ground in Zalaegerszeg to decrease carbon effects, which is in a close relation with the project level sustainability opportunities of this special investment. Based on the research work we have done, solutions were proposed to achieve the vision of "net zero (or negative) emissions" of this project. In the investigations concerning the test track, system boundaries were defined such that all relevant facilities and processes operating were considered. In emissions calculations, we have employed the procedure outlined by the GHG Protocol for 3 scopes and the employed methodology relied heavily on the related standard. For the calculations, the definition and collection of input data types was the first step. Then the assessment has been conducted by taking into consideration the geometric shape of test platforms, anticipated vehicle loading of track elements, typical distance-speed diagrams, as well as the utilized vehicle types (passenger cars, trucks and buses). We calculated CO₂-equivalent emissions from gasoline and diesel fuel consumptions (from the product of fuel demand and conversion factors), using "Tank-to-Wheels" and "Well-to-Wheels" approaches. Based on the emission calculations carbon offsetting opportunities were analyzed to assume the effect of CO₂ emissions reduction and capture: forestation and green surface development; energy crop plantation and heat generation; establishment of a photovoltaic (PV) farm (electricity production). We have shown the main characteristics of the 3 main options and their advantages and disadvantages.