Application of Artificial Neural Networks for Forecasting the Dynamics of Growth in the Number of New Electric Vehicles in Poland

Abstract

In recent years, the field of electromobility has been developing very dynamically in Poland and worldwide. Due to the necessity of adapting road and energy infrastructure, a forecast of the development of the electric vehicle market was required. The aim of this article is to develop a forecast of the number of electric vehicles in Poland for the years 2024–2030. For this purpose, an analysis of annual data on the number of electric vehicles in Poland was conducted. Selected neural network models were used for the forecast. The results of the study indicate that the number of electric vehicles in Poland is expected to continue growing. On one hand, this is influenced by European Union policies, and on the other, by the dynamic technological advancements in the field of electromobility. The choice of sample sizes (training, testing, and validation) significantly impacts the obtained results.