Micro-electromobility: the Future of Battery Technology in Urban Transportation

Abstract

Urban transport is undergoing rapid change, with micromobility emerging as a vital response to congestion, emissions, and the last-mile challenge. Lightweight electric vehicles like e-scooters and e-bikes rely heavily on advances in battery technology to achieve performance, safety, and sustainability goals. This article reviews current and emerging battery chemistries used in micromobility, highlighting their benefits, limitations and second-life potential. The authors examine how mechanical pack design and thermal management influence safety and durability under harsh conditions typical of shared fleets. Particular attention is given to smart battery management, including data-driven and AI-assisted diagnostic approaches and their integration into fleet-level charging and utilisation strategies. Digital tools like battery passports and the role of European Union regulations in shaping industry practices are also investigated.